Logical Qubits Explained: What Willow's Error Correction Proved
What a logical qubit is, why error correction matters, and what Google's Willow and other published milestones do and don't say about quantum risk.
What quantum computers can and can't do yet, from the research itself.
2 articles
What a logical qubit is, why error correction matters, and what Google's Willow and other published milestones do and don't say about quantum risk.
Gidney's 2025 paper estimates under 1 million noisy qubits and under a week to factor RSA-2048, down from 20 million. What it assumes and what to do.